The mean cIMT was analyzed offline using the QLAB automated IMT measurement plug-in (Philips, Bothell, WA) incorporating plaques if present at the pre-defined angle of image acquisition. We used Meijer’s Carotid Arc® for images at 180, 150, 120 and 90 degrees at the right carotid artery, at 180, 210, 240 and 270 degrees at the left carotid artery and saved all images at the end diastole, using electrocardiogram gating.
Eight far-wall pictures were obtained at 4 standardized CCA angles, and four far-wall pictures were obtained at sites with maximum findings for the right and left BIF and ICA segments. The acquisition and measurement of cIMT have been described in detail previously.
Carotid intima-media thicknessĬarotid ultrasound was performed with a 3–9 MHz linear array transducer (Philips Medical Systems iU22, Bothell, WA, USA) and far wall IMT and/ or plaque was visualized using B-mode longitudinal plane scanning. However, a recent study showed that increased cIMT is associated with risk factors for CVD and with first time stroke or myocardial infarction in patients 20 units per week was considered an ordinal variable defining never, low, moderate, high and excessive alcohol consumers, respectively. A recent meta-analysis found no association between cIMT progression measured by serial ultrasound measurements and future risk of CVD.
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The 2013 update of the ACC/AHA guidelines on cardiovascular risk assessment withdrew the previous Class IIA recommendation to use cIMT measurements for cardiovascular risk stratification.
Carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) is associated with CVD development, although the clinical value in predicting future vascular events is unclear. Family history (FH) of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a risk factor for CVD.
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